Research article
Authors
Mustafa Eskander Salman *1, Mohammed Waheeb Al-Obaidy 2
*Correspondence author: mustafaeskander85@gmail.com
Abstract
Bronchiectasis is a chronic heterogeneous lung disease with poorly understood pathogenic processes and variable contributing factors. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence and the impact of vitamin D deficiency in bronchiectasis patients. A cross-sectional study of 40 Baghdad teaching hospital respiratory diseases consultant outpatient clinic patients with verified bronchiectasis was undertaken between 2022 and 2023. 40 healthy, demographically matched controls were also studied. A detailed history, comprehensive physical examination with respiratory emphasis, and vitamin D level evaluation were done. Vitamin D levels were categorized as deficient (< 20 ng/ml), insufficiency (20–29.9 ng/ml), and adequate (≥ 30 ng/ml). Patients were categorized as frequent exacerbates (≥3 times/year) or non-frequent exacerbates (<3 times/year). Symptom intensity was further divided into mild, moderate, and severe. We studied 40 bronchiectasis patients, 21 of them were male and 7 had comorbidities. The mean age, BMI, ESR, and CRP for included patients were 39 years, 23.945 kg/m2, 9.65 ml/hr, and 0.234 mg/dL. Group vitamin levels averaged 19.68 ng/ml. Average annual exacerbation, BSI, Bhalla, and FEV1 scores were 1.95, 6.325, 14.275, and 85.8%. Bronchiectasis patients and healthy controls had similar demographic and clinical features except for vitamin D and CRP. Exacerbation number, BSI score, Bhalla score, and FEV1 correlated with vitamin D but not ESR or CRP. In conclusion, Vitamin D insufficiency is common in bronchiectasis patients and healthy people and is linked to poor symptom severity, radiological abnormalities, and lung function.
Keywords: Bronchiectasis, Vitamin D, Exacerbation, severity, Deficiency
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