Research Article 
Ali Hasanain Alhamadani*
Received 16 November 2016, Accepted 11 March 2017, Available online 16 April 2017
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a chronic disease characterized by degradation joint that may cause cartilage loss and morphological deterioration to another joint tissue, more delicate biochemical changes occur in the early stages of Osteoarthritis progress. healthy cartilage content water that make balanced by compressive force driving water out while hydrostatic and osmotic pressure drawing water in. Collagen fiber make the pressure force and cartilage proteoglycan create osmotic pressure which draw water in, Without the protective effect of the proteoglycan the fiber and collagen of the cartilage can become susceptible to degradation and degeneration. Hyaluronic acid is major component of synovial fluid and articular cartilage, and is responsible for viscosity and elasticity of synovial fluid. The quantity and molecular weight of Hyaluronic acid in the synovial flu-id is decrease in the osteoarthritis patient. The purpose of injecting intra-articular HA is to replace HA so that the natural viscosity of synovial fluid is maintained, so relieve pain and improve function of knee Osteoarthritis. HA injections have been used in treating knee osteoarthritis for over two decades in most developed countries, but in Iraq begin used late and slow due to lack of patient education about the injection, study diagnosed two group of knee Osteoarthritis for both gender and observed benefit and effectiveness to pre-and post of HA injection, the results were various significant during one month under study.
Keywords: Hyaluronic Acid; Osteoarthritis; Synovial fluid