Research Article 
Ghada B. Alomashi*1, Hasan R. Khudhurb
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is vector-borne disease, and endemic in most regions of Iraq especially with poor populations. Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (NRAMP1) gene play an essential role in susceptibility to CL and disease pathology, NRAMP1 influences a production and activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β). Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines play an essential role in susceptibility/ resistance and the immunopathogenesis of Leishmania infection, these cytokines are crucial factors in the initiation and enhances of protective immunity against Leishmania infection, this study aimed to studying effect of polymorphism in NRAMP1 genes on cytokines secretion, and their effect in susceptibility to CL infection. Samples of blood were collected from (60) patients with CL and (32) apparently healthy controls. Polymorphism of NRAMP1 (D543N) detected in patients and control groups by PCR-RFLP technique. While (TNF-α and IL-1β) cytokine concentration detected by ELIS technique using a quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique, Results indicate to effect of NRAMP1 Gene Polymorphism on levels of (TNF-α and IL-1β) cytokines and this a clearly recorded in present study were A allele is associated with lower levels of (TNF-α and IL-1β) in patients and control groups compression to that absorbed in allele G with statically significant (P ≤ 0.05).
Key words: Cutaneous leishmaniasis; NRAMP1 polymorphisms; TNF-α and IL-1β; Cytokine